Ama-crucibleszingamathuluzi abalulekile ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene zokuphatha izinqubo zokuncibilika nokuncibilikisa.Kuyisitsha esikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi sisetshenziselwa ukubamba izinto nokuzifudumeza zize zincibilike.Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-crucibles zisetshenziswa kuye ngezidingo ezithile zezinto ezincibilikiswayo noma ezincibilikisiwe.Kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, sizohlola izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-crucibles kanye nezicelo zazo.
1. I-ayina crucible:
Sebenzisa i-iron crucible uma uncibilikisa izinto eziqinile ze-alkaline njenge-NaOH.Kodwa-ke, ayizange isetshenziswe kabanzi ngenxa yezinkinga ezifana nokugqwala okulula kanye ne-oxidation.Ezinhlelweni eziningi ezibandakanya izinto ze-alkaline, izinsimbi zensimbi ezingenasici zihlala ziyinketho ekhethwayo.
2. I-cast iron crucible:
I-cast iron crucibles yenziwe nge-pig iron futhi yaziwa ngokuqina kwayo.Isetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa ama-alloys ensimbi ahlukahlukene okuhlanganisa i-aluminium, i-zinc, umthofu, ithini kanye nama-antimony alloys.Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinsimbi zensimbi, izinsimbi ezisansimbi ziqinile futhi zingamelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu elidingekayo ukuze kuncibilike lawa ma-alloys.
3. I-quartz crucible:
Ama-quartz crucibles avame ukusetshenziswa embonini ye-semiconductor futhi abalulekile ekukhiqizeni amasekethe amakhulu ahlanganisiwe.Lawa ma-crucibles angakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa afika ku-1650 degrees futhi atholakala ngezinguqulo ezicacile nezingabonakali.I-translucent quartz crucible eyenziwe ngendlela ye-arc, esetshenziselwa ukudonsa i-silicon eyodwa yekristalu enobubanzi obukhulu.Inezinzuzo zokuhlanzeka okuphezulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuqinile, usayizi omkhulu, ukunemba okuphezulu, ukusebenza okuhle kokufakwa kwe-thermal, ukonga amandla, kanye nekhwalithi ezinzile.Kodwa-ke, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe njengoba i-quartz i-brittle futhi ingaphuka kalula.
4. I-Porcelain crucible:
Ama-crucibles e-Ceramic athandwa ngenxa yokumelana kwawo namakhemikhali kanye nokufinyeleleka kwawo.Kodwa-ke, ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa izinto ezine-alkaline njenge-NaOH, Na2O2, Na2CO3, njll., ngoba zizosabela nge-porcelain futhi zidale ukugqwala.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-porcelain crucibles akufanele ihlangane ne-hydrofluoric acid.Zifanele ukusetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa azungeze ama-degree angu-1200.
5. I-Corundum crucible:
I-Corundum crucible ifaneleka kakhulu ukuncibilika amasampula kusetshenziswa izinto ezine-alkali ezibuthakathaka njenge-anhydrous Na 2 CO 3 njenge-flux.Kodwa-ke, awafaneleki ukuncibilika amasampula kusetshenziswa izinto ezine-alkaline enamandla (njenge-Na2O2, NaOH) noma izinto ezine-asidi (njenge-K2S2O7) njengama-fluxes.
6. I-graphite crucible:
I-graphite crucibles isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yokuphonsa insimbi ngenxa ye-conductivity enhle kakhulu yokushisa kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu.Zifanele ukuncibilikisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinsimbi ezihlanganisa ithusi, igolide, isiliva nethusi.
7. I-Silicon carbide crucible:
Ama-silicone carbide crucibles aziwa ngokusebenza kwawo okushisayo okuphezulu kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali okuhle kakhulu.Asetshenziswa ezinqubweni zokuncibilika nokuncibilikisa ezibandakanya izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, njengokukhiqizwa kwezitsha zobumba nama-alloys.
Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-crucible lunezinzuzo zalo ezihlukile kanye nezicelo.Ukukhetha okuncibilikayo kuncike ezintweni ezifana nokuncibilikiswa noma ukuncibilikiswa, izinga lokushisa elifunekayo kanye nesabelomali.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uncibilikisa ithusi, insimbi esakazwayo, noma ama-alloys ancibilikisayo, ukukhetha i-crucible efanele kubalulekile ekusebenzeni ngempumelelo nangempumelelo.
Kafushane, ama-crucibles adlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ezibandakanya izinqubo zokuncibilikisa nokuncibilikisa.Ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-crucible atholakalayo kanye nezicelo zazo ezithile kungasiza amabhizinisi enze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokuthi iyiphi i-crucible okufanele isetshenziswe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabo ezithile.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-iron crucible, i-cast iron crucible, i-quartz crucible, i-porcelain crucible, i-corundum crucible, i-graphite crucible noma i-silicon carbide crucible, uhlobo ngalunye lunezinzuzo zalo kanye nokulinganiselwa kwalo.Ngokukhetha i-crucible efanele, amabhizinisi angathuthukisa ukusebenza kwawo futhi aqinisekise imiphumela yekhwalithi ephezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-15-2023