Emkhakheni we-metallurgy, chemistry, nesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo, ukukhethwa kwelungelocrucibleizinto ezibonakalayo zibalulekile ekunqumeni impumelelo yezinqubo ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ekuhlanganiseni kwensimbi okunezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kuya ekuhlanganisweni kwezitsha zobumba ezithuthukisiwe nezingilazi. Kunezinto eziningana ezitholakalayo ezitholakalayo, ngayinye inesethi yayo ehlukile yezakhiwo kanye nezinzuzo. Ake sihlole izinto ezingcono kakhulu zama-crucibles ngokuningiliziwe:
I-Quartz Crucibles
I-Quartz crucibles, evame ukwakhiwa nge-silica ehlanganisiwe ehlanzekile, idume ngezimfanelo zayo ezingavamile. Ziyakwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukumelana nemiphumela elimazayo yama-asidi nezisekelo, nokugcina uzinzo ngaphansi kwezimo ezishisayo ezishisayo. Lawa ma-crucibles athola indawo yawo ekuncibilikiseni izinsimbi ezihlanzeke kakhulu njenge-silicon, i-aluminium, nensimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kwawo okuphezulu kwe-thermal kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuncibilika. Kodwa-ke, ikhwalithi ye-premium ye-quartz iza endaweni yentengo ephezulu.
I-Ceramic Crucibles
Izithako ze-Ceramic zihlanganisa izigaba ezimbili ezinkulu: i-aluminium oxide ceramics kanye ne-zirconium oxide ceramics. Lezi zinhlayiya zinikeza ukumelana nokushisa okuhle kakhulu nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali, okuzenza zibe izinqumo eziguquguqukayo zokuncibilikisa uxhaxha lwempahla, okuhlanganisa izinsimbi, ingilazi, izitsha zobumba, nokunye. Noma kunjalo, ukumelana nokushisa kwazo kuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nokwezinsimbi ze-quartz, okuzenza zifaneleke kakhulu ezintweni ezincibilika ezingaphansi kuka-1700°C.
I-Graphite Crucibles
I-graphite crucibles ingamahhashi okusebenza ezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, izindawo ezinengcindezi ephezulu, ngokuvamile esebenza njengamathuluzi abalulekile ocwaningweni lwensimbi namakhemikhali. Lawa ma-crucibles atholakala ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-graphite yemvelo kanye ne-synthetic graphite. Izikhilimu ze-graphite zemvelo ziziqhayisa ngokuzinza okuphezulu kokushisa nokumelana nokugqwala, ilungele ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kokushisa okuphezulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-synthetic graphite crucibles ayabiza kakhulu kodwa angase anciphise kancane ukuzinza kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.
I-Metal Crucibles
Izinsimbi zensimbi zakhiwa ngezinto ezifana nensimbi engagqwali, i-molybdenum, iplatinamu, nokunye. Zingakhethwa uma usebenza ngezinto ezinamaphoyinti ancibilikayo aphezulu kakhulu noma lapho ubhekene nezimo ezine-asidi ephezulu noma ezine-alkali. Izinsimbi zensimbi zibonisa ukumelana okuqinile nokugqwala futhi zigcina ukuzinza okushisayo okumangalisayo. Noma kunjalo, ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuhlotshaniswa nezindleko eziphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto eziqoqwayo.
Summary
TUkukhethwa kwempahla e-crucible kufanele kuqhutshwe yimpahla ethile ecutshungulwayo kanye nezimo ezikhona zokuncibilika. Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-crucible lunikeza izinzuzo zalo eziyingqayizivele kanye nemikhawulo, futhi ukukhetha okulungile kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela ephumelelayo nesezingeni eliphezulu emikhakheni ye-metallurgy, chemistry, nesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-24-2023