Yethula:
Amadayimane futhii-graphiteziyindlela ezimbili ezahlukene zekhabhoni ethathe imicabango yethu amakhulu eminyaka. Ngaphezu kokubukeka kwabo okumangazayo kanye nezicelo ezahlukahlukene zezimboni, lezi zinto zinezakhiwo ezihehayo ezibekele zona. Enye yalezi zindawo iphuzu labo lokuncibilika. Kulesi sifundo sebhulogi, thina'I-LL Dweba ezweni elihehayo ledayimane negrafu, ukuhlola izinto ezithonya amaphuzu abo okuncibilika nokwambula izakhiwo zazo ezihlukile.
Iphuzu ledayimane elincibilikayo:
Amadayimane ajwayele ukubizwa ngokuthi yinkosi yamatshe ayigugu futhi ayaziwa ngobulukhuni bawo kanye ne-luster enhle. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhulunywa ngamaphuzu ancibilikayo, amadayimane akhombisa ukumelana okushisa okuvamile. Njengomqondo wayo okhazimulayo, isakhiwo samangqamuzana edayimane sidlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni iphuzu laso eliphakeme elincibilikayo.
Isakhiwo sedayimane sikaLatice siqukethe ama-athomu e-carbon ahlelwe ngephethini ye-tetrahedral. Le Ntwokithi eqinile enobukhulu obuthathu ayiphulwa kalula, inikeze amadayimane iphuzu eliphakeme eliphakeme kakhulu. IDayimane imelana ngokushisa, ngephuzu elincibilikayo elingaba ngu-3,550 degrees Celsius (6,372 degrees Fahrenheit). Ngalesi sikhathi sokuncibilika, idayimane lingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu, okwenza libe lilungele izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zezimboni, njengamathuluzi okusika nezindawo eziphakeme zokushisa.
Iphuzu lokuncibilika legrafu:
Ngokuphikisana kakhulu nedayimane, i-graphite inesakhiwo esihluke ngokuphelele samangqamuzana, okuholela endaweni ephansi kakhulu yokuncibilika. I-graphite iqukethe izingqimba zama-athomu e-carbon ahlelwe ngephethini le-hexagonal, akha uchungechunge lwama-flakes ahlanganisiwe. Amashidi ahlanganiswa ndawonye ngamandla abuthakathaka, okwenza kube lula ukuphazamisa isakhiwo se-lattice lapho kufudunyezwa.
Isakhiwo samangqamuzana ka-graphite sikunikeza amandla kagesi amahle kakhulu futhi inezindawo zokuthambisa ngenxa yohlobo olushelelayo lwezendlalelo zalo. Kodwa-ke, i-graphite nedayimane zinamaphuzu aphansi ancibilikayo. I-Graphite inendawo yokuncibilika ye-3 500 degrees Celsius (6,332 degrees Fahrenheit) futhi inokumelana nokushisa okuphansi okuphansi ngokuqhathaniswa nedayimane.
Kungani lokhu kuhlukaniswa kubalulekile:
Ukuqonda amaphuzu ancibilikayo edayimane futhi i-graphite kubalulekile ngenxa yezizathu eziningana. Ngokombono wesayensi, kuveza ukuthi i-carbon ibonisa izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlelwa kwayo ezingeni lamangqamuzana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imboni ingasebenzisa lolu lwazi ukukhetha indlela efanelekile yekhabhoni yezinhlelo ezithile, ngaleyo ndlela yandise ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza.
Yize iDayimane ne-graphite inamaphuzu asondele kakhulu ancibilikisiwe, izinhlaka zazo ezahlukahlukene ze-molecular kanye nezakhiwo ezivelayo zinikeza amathuba ahlukahlukene okusetshenziswa kwawo. Iphuzu eliphakeme likaDayimane eliphakeme likwenza kube malukhuni ezindaweni ezinokhahlo, ngenkathi iphuzu eliphansi lika-graphite lithuthukisa ukufaneleka kwalo kuzicelo ezidinga ukuqina kukagesi nokuthambisa.
In isiphetho:
Ngamafuphi, amaphuzu ancibilikayo edayimane ne-graphite ayisici esijabulisayo salezi zinhlobo zamakhabhoni ezivamile. Umehluko uba sobala ngoba idayimane linephuzu eliphakeme kakhulu elincibilikisa ngenkathi i-graphite inendawo ephansi ephansi. Izinhlaka ezahlukahlukene zamangqamuzana alawa ma-casbon cousinsBanikeze izakhiwo ezihlukile futhi uzenzele insiza ebalulekile yezimboni ezahlukahlukene. Ngokuqonda ama-nuances ngemuva kwamaphoyinti abo okuncibilika, singafunda okuningi ngomhlaba ongavamile wamadayimane kanye ne-graphite, okuthuthukisa ukwenzeka kwethu izimfanelo zabo ezihlukile.
Isikhathi sePosi: Nov-17-2023