Iqhaza lezinto ezahlukahlukene zokungezela e-aluminium alloy

Silicon (si)
I-Silicon (SI) isithako esiyinhloko sokwenza ngcono uxhaso. U-fluodity omuhle kakhulu ungatholakala kusuka e-Eupectic to hypeetectic. Kodwa-ke, i-silicon (si) ekhala ngokuthi ivame ukwakha amaphuzu anzima, okwenza ukuba ukusika kube kubi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile akuvunyelwe ukwedlula iphuzu le-eutectic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-silicon (SI) ingathuthukisa amandla ashukumisayo, lulukhuni, ukusika ukusebenza, namandla okushisa okuphezulu ngenkathi kunciphisa ukugcwala.
I-Magnesium (MG) I-Aluminium-Magnesium Alloy inokumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqwala. Ngakho-ke, i-ADC5 ne-ADC6 yi-alloys elwa nokugqwala. Ibanga layo eliqinisayo likhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke linobunzima obushisayo, futhi ama-cassings athambekele ekuqhekekeni, okwenza ukuba kube nzima. I-Magnesium (MG) njengokungcola ngezinto zokwenziwa ze-al-cu-si, i-mg2si izokwenza i-castring brittle, ngakho-ke indinganiso ngokuvamile ingaphakathi kuka-0.3%.

I-Iron (FE) yize i-Iron (FE) ingakhuphula kakhulu amazinga okushisa kabusha kabusha we-zinc (zn) futhi yehlisa incithakalo ye-recrystallization, ekunciphiseni ukuncibilika kwensimbi, namathumbu ancibilikayo, namathuluzi ancibilikayo, futhi ancibilikisiwe ku-zinc (zn). I-Iron (FE) ethwelwe yi-aluminium (al) incane kakhulu, futhi lapho insimbi (fe) idlula umkhawulo we-solubity, izokwenza i-feal3. Amaphutha adalwe yi-FE ikakhulukazi akhiqize i-slag futhi antanta njengezinhlanganisela ze-feal3. Ukuphonsa kwaba brittle, futhi imishini iyawohloka. Uketshezi lwensimbi luthinta ubushelelezi bendawo yokuphonsa.
Ukungcola kwe-Iron (FE) kuzokhiqiza amakristalu anjengenaliti we-Feal3. Njengoba ukufela okufa kudaliwe ngokushesha, amakristalu anezinwele ahamba kahle futhi angeke abhekwe njengezakhi eziyingozi. Uma okuqukethwe kungaphansi kuka-0.7%, akulula ukudiliza, ngakho-ke okuqukethwe kwensimbi ngo-0.8-1.0% kungcono ngokufa. Uma kunenani elikhulu lensimbi (FE), kuzokwakhiwa amakhompiyutha ensimbi, akha amaphuzu anzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho okuqukethwe kwensimbi (FE) kudlula i-1.2%, kuzonciphisa uketshezi lwe-alloy, kulimaze ikhwalithi yokuphonsa, futhi kunciphise impilo yezakhi zensimbi emishini yokukhohlisa.

I-Nickel (NI) njengeCopper (CU), kunokuthambekela kokukhulisa amandla nobulukhuni obuqinile, futhi kunomthelela omkhulu ekumelaneni nokugqwala. Kwesinye isikhathi, i-nickel (NI) yengezwa ukuthuthukisa amandla okushisa aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokushisa, kepha inomthelela omubi ekumelaneni nokugqwala nokuvuselelwa okushisayo.

IManganese (MN) ingathuthukisa amandla aphezulu okushisa kwama-alloys aqukethe i-Copper (CU) kanye ne-silicon (SI). Uma kudlula umkhawulo othile, kulula ukukhiqiza i-Al-Si-FE-FE-FE-FE-P + O {t * t IManganese (MN) ingavimba inqubo yokuphindaphinda kwama-alloys we-aluminium, yandisa izinga lokushisa kabusha kabusha, futhi icwenge kakhulu okusanhlamvu okuphindaphindeke. Ukucwengwa okusanhlamvu okuphindaphindiwe kubangelwa yimiphumela yokuvimbela yezinhlayiya ze-Mnal6 ezihlanganisiwe ekukhuleni kokusanhlamvu okuphindaphindekayo. Omunye umsebenzi we-Mnal6 ukuncibilikisa ukungcola kwensimbi (FE) ukwakha (FE, MN) Al6 futhi wehlise imiphumela elimazayo yensimbi. I-Manganese (MN) iyinto ebalulekile ye-aluminium alloys futhi ingangezwa njenge-alloy ye-altalone al-Mn kanambambili noma ndawonye nezinye izinto ezengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, iningi le-aluminium alloys liqukethe i-manganese (MN).

Zinc (zn)
Uma ukungcola i-zinc (zn) kukhona, kuzokhombisa ubucwebe bokushisa okuphezulu. Kodwa-ke, lapho kuhlanganiswa ne-Mercury (HG) ukwakha ama-alloys aqinile we-HGZN2, kukhiqiza umphumela onamandla wokuqinisa. UJIS uqonde ukuthi okuqukethwe okungcolile zeinc (zn) kufanele kube ngaphansi kwama-1.0%, kanti amazinga angaphandle avumela kuze kufike ku-3%. Le ngxoxo ayibhekiseli ku-zinc (zn) njengengxenye ye-alloy kodwa yilapho indima yayo njengokungcola okuvame ukuthakazelisa ukudala imifantu ekuqineni.

Chromium (cr)
I-Chromium (CR) ikhiphe amakhompiyutha aphakathi nendawo afana (CRFE) al7 no (CRMN) al12 e-aluminium, ukuvimbela ukuqina nokukhula kokuphindaphindeka futhi anikeze imiphumela yokuqinisa kwi-alloy. Futhi kungathuthukisa ubulukhuni be-alloy futhi kunciphise ukuqina kokuqina kokuqhekeka. Kodwa-ke, kungakhuphula ukuzwela okuqediwe.

Titanium (ti)
Ngisho nenani elincane le-titanium (TI) ku-alloy lingathuthukisa izakhiwo zalo zemishini, kepha linganciphisa futhi nokusebenza kwalo kagesi. Okuqukethwe okubucayi kweTitanium (TI) ku-Al-TI Series Alloys yokuqina kwezulu kucishe kube ngu-0.15%, futhi ukuba khona kwayo kungancishiswa ngokufakwa kweBoron.

Ukuhola (PB), Tin (SN), kanye ne-Cadmium (CD)
I-calcium (CA), ukuhola (PB), i-tin (SN), nokunye ukungcola kungenzeka kube khona kuma-aluminium alloys. Njengoba lezi zinto zinamaphoyinti nezinhlaka ezahlukene ezincibilikile, zikha amakhompiyutha ahlukile nge-aluminium (al), okuholela emiphumeleni ehlukile kwizakhiwo ze-aluminium alloys. I-calcium (CA) ine-solubility eqinile ephansi kakhulu e-aluminium namafomu i-caal4 compands nge-aluminium (al), engathuthukisa ukusebenza kokusika kwama-aluminium alloys. Ukuhola (PB) noTin (SN) izinsimbi zezinkomba eziphansi nge-solubity ephansi ephansi nge-aluminium (al), ezinganciphisa amandla we-alloy kodwa athuthukise ukusebenza kwawo kokusika.

Ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-Lead (PB) kunganciphisa ubulukhuni be-zinc (zn) bese ukhulisa i-solubity yayo. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona okuholayo (i-PB), i-Tin (SN), noma i-Cadmium (CD) idlula inani elithile kwi-aluminium: I-Zinc alloy, ukuthuthuka kungenzeka. Lokhu kugcwala akujwayelekile, kwenzeka ngemuva kwenkathi ethile, futhi kukhulunywa ngokukhethekile ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu, asemswakama aphezulu.