Uhlolojikelele The Graphite Crucible

Uhlolojikelele
I-graphite crucibleyenziwe nge-graphite ye-flake yemvelo njengeyona nto eyinhloko eluhlaza, futhi icutshungulwa ngobumba lwepulasitiki oluphikisayo noma ikhabhoni njengesibophezelo. Inezici zokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukuguquguquka okuqinile kokushisa, ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle, nempilo ende yesevisi. Ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, i-coefficient yokunwetshwa kwe-thermal incane, futhi inokusebenza okuthile kokumelana nokupholisa nokufudumeza ngokushesha. Inokumelana nokugqwala okuqinile ezixazululweni ezine-asidi ne-alkaline, ukuzinza okuhle kakhulu kwamakhemikhali, futhi ayihlanganyeli kunoma yikuphi ukusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi nenqubo yokuncibilika. Udonga lwangaphakathi lwe-graphite crucible lubushelelezi, futhi uketshezi lwensimbi oluncibilikisiwe akulula ukuvuza nokunamathela odongeni lwangaphakathi lwe-crucible, okwenza uketshezi lwensimbi lube nokugeleza okuhle nekhono lokuphonsa, olufanele ukubunjwa nokwenza izibunjwa ezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene. Ngenxa yezici ezinhle kakhulu ezingenhla, ama-graphite crucibles asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuncibilikeni kwensimbi yensimbi ye-alloy nezinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi kanye nama-alloys azo.

Uhlobo
I-graphite crucibles isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuncibilika kwezinto zensimbi, ezihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo ezimbili: i-graphite yemvelo kanye ne-graphite yokwenziwa.
1) I-graphite yemvelo
Ikakhulukazi yenziwe nge-graphite ye-flake yemvelo njengeyona nto eyinhloko yokusetshenziswa, ngokungezwa kobumba nezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa eziphikisayo. Ngokuvamile kubizwa ngokuthi i-clay graphite crucible, kuyilapho i-carbon binder crucible yenziwe nge-asphalt njenge-binder. Yenziwa kuphela amandla obumba ashisayo futhi ibizwa ngokuthi i-Hui clay binder type crucible. Owokuqala unamandla aphakeme kanye nokumelana nokushaqeka okushisayo. Isetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa insimbi, ithusi, ingxubevange yethusi, nezinye izinsimbi ezingenayo ayoni, ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene namandla okuncibilika asukela ku-250g kuya ku-500kg.
Lolu hlobo lwe-crucible luhlanganisa izesekeli ezifana ne-skimming spoon, isivalo, indandatho ehlangene, ukusekelwa kwe-crucible, nenduku eshukumisayo.
2) I-graphite yokwenziwa
Izigqoko ze-graphite zemvelo okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla ngokuvamile ziqukethe cishe u-50% wamaminerali obumba, kuyilapho ukungcola (okuqukethwe komlotha) ku-crucibles yokwenziwa yegraphite kungaphansi kuka-1%, okusetshenziselwa ukucwenga izinsimbi ezihlanzekile kakhulu. Kukhona futhi i-graphite ye-high-purity eye yathola ukwelashwa okukhethekile kokuhlanza (okuqukethwe komlotha<20ppm). Izihluthulelo ze-graphite zokwenziwa zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa amanani amancane ezinsimbi eziyigugu, izinsimbi ezihlanzekile kakhulu, noma izinsimbi ezincibilika kakhulu nama-oxides. Ingasetshenziswa futhi njenge-crucible yokuhlaziywa kwegesi ensimbi.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza
Inqubo yokukhiqiza i-graphite crucibles ingahlukaniswa ibe yizinhlobo ezintathu: ukubumba ngesandla, ukubumba okujikelezayo, nokubunjwa kokucindezela. Ikhwalithi ye-crucible ihlobene eduze nendlela yokubumba inqubo. Indlela yokwenza inquma ukwakheka, ukuminyana, ukuqina, namandla omshini womzimba ohlabayo.
Ama-crucible abunjwe ngesandla ngezinjongo ezikhethekile awakwazi ukwakhiwa kusetshenziswa izindlela zokujikeleza noma zokucindezelwa. Amanye ama-crucible anomumo okhethekile angakhiwa ngokuhlanganisa ukubumba okujikelezayo nokubumba ngesandla.
Ukubumba okujikelezayo kuyinqubo lapho i-rotary ingakwazi umshini ukushayela isikhunta ukuze sisebenze futhi isebenzisa ummese wangaphakathi ukuze ikhiphe ubumba ukuze iqedele ukubunjwa kwe-crucible.
Ukucindezela ukubumba ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokucindezela njengokucindezela kukawoyela, umfutho wamanzi, noma umfutho womoya njengamandla e-kinetic, kusetshenziswa isikhunta sensimbi njengamathuluzi epulasitiki okwakhiwa kwe-crucible. Uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela yokubumba ejikelezayo, inezinzuzo zenqubo elula, umjikelezo omfushane wokukhiqiza, isivuno esiphezulu nokusebenza kahle, umfutho ophansi wabasebenzi, umswakama ophansi wokubumba, ukuncipha kwe-crucible shrinkage kanye ne-porosity, izinga eliphezulu lomkhiqizo kanye nokuminyana.

Ukunakekelwa nokulondolozwa
I-graphite crucibles kufanele ivikelwe kumswakama. I-graphite crucibles yesaba kakhulu umswakama, okungaba nomthelela omkhulu kwikhwalithi. Uma isetshenziswa ne-crucible emanzi, ingabangela ukuqhekeka, ukuqhuma, ukuwa komphetho, nokuwa phansi, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwensimbi encibilikisiwe kanye nezingozi ezihlobene nomsebenzi. Ngakho-ke, lapho ugcina futhi usebenzisa ama-graphite crucibles, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe ekuvimbeleni umswakama.
Indawo yokugcina impahla yokugcina izinto ze-graphite kufanele yome futhi ingene umoya, futhi izinga lokushisa kufanele ligcinwe liphakathi kuka-5 ℃ no-25 ℃, libe nomswakama ohlobene no-50-60%. ama-crucibles akufanele agcinwe emhlabathini wezitini noma emhlabathini we-cement ukugwema umswakama. I-crucible ye-graphite yobuningi kufanele ibekwe ohlakeni lwamapulangwe, okungcono kakhulu u-25-30cm ngaphezu komhlabathi; Zipakishwe emabhokisini okhuni, obhasikidi abanezintambo, noma izikhwama zotshani, okokulala kufanele kubekwe ngaphansi kwamapulangwe, kungabi ngaphansi kuka-20cm ngaphezu komhlabathi. Ukubeka ungqimba lwezinzwa kulaba abalalayo kusiza kakhulu ukuvikela umswakama. Phakathi nenkathi ethile yokunqwabelanisa, kuyadingeka ukupakisha isendlalelo esingezansi sibheke phansi, okungcono kakhulu ngezingqimba ezingenhla neziphansi zibhekene. Isikhawu phakathi kokunqwabelanisa nokupakisha akufanele sibe side kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ukupakisha kufanele kwenziwe kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili. Uma umswakama ophansi ungephezulu, ukupakisha kungenziwa kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu. Ngamafuphi, ukunqwabelanisa njalo kungafinyelela umphumela omuhle wokuvikela umswakama.