Ikhabhoni graphite, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-graphite noma impahla ye-graphite, iyinto enhle kakhulu enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu enezici eziningi zokusebenza ezihlaba umxhwele. Ezingeni eliphezulu lokushisa, ukuqonda indawo encibilikayo ye-carbon graphite kubalulekile njengoba kuthinta ngokuqondile ukuzinza nokusebenziseka kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezindaweni ezishisayo kakhulu.
I-Carbon graphite iyimpahla eyakhiwe ngama-athomu e-carbon, anezinhlaka ezihlukahlukene zekristalu. Isakhiwo se-graphite esivame kakhulu isakhiwo esinezingqimba, lapho ama-athomu e-carbon ahlelwa ngezingqimba ezinezinhlangothi ezine, futhi ukubopha phakathi kwezingqimba kubuthakathaka, ngakho izingqimba zingashelela kalula. Lesi sakhiwo sinikeza i-carbon graphite nge-thermal conductivity enhle kakhulu kanye ne-lubricity, okuyenza isebenze kahle ekushiseni okuphezulu nasezindaweni zokungqubuzana okuphezulu.
Indawo yokuncibilika ye-carbon graphite
Iphuzu elincibilikayo le-carbon graphite libhekisela ekushiseni lapho i-carbon graphite ishintsha khona ukusuka kokuqinile ukuya oketshezini ngaphansi kokucindezela okujwayelekile komkhathi. Iphuzu elincibilikayo le-graphite lincike ezicini ezifana nesakhiwo sayo se-crystal nobumsulwa, ngakho-ke ingaba nezinguquko ezithile. Nokho, ngokuvamile, indawo encibilikayo ye-graphite ingaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa eliphezulu.
Izinga elijwayelekile lokuncibilika kwegraphite livamise ukuba ngu-3550 degrees Celsius (noma cishe ama-degrees Fahrenheit angu-6422). Lokhu kwenza i-graphite ibe into ekwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu efanelekile ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukahlukene kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, njengokuncibilikisa insimbi, amafurnace e-arc kagesi, ukukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor, neziko zaselabhorethri. Iphuzu layo eliphakeme lokuncibilika lenza i-graphite ikwazi ukugcina ukuzinza nokusebenza kwayo kwesakhiwo kulezi zindawo ezishisayo ezishisayo, ngaphandle kokuthambekela ekuncibilikeni noma ukulahlekelwa amandla emishini.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi indawo yokuncibilika kwegraphite ihlukile endaweni yayo yokuthungela. Nakuba i-graphite ingancibiliki emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kakhulu, ingasha ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu (njengezindawo ezinomoya-mpilo).
Ukusetshenziswa kokushisa okuphezulu kwegraphite
Indawo ephezulu yokuncibilika yegraphite idlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni eminingi, futhi okulandelayo ezinye zezinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko zokushisa okuphezulu:
1. Ukuncibilika kwensimbi
Enqubweni yokuncibilikisa insimbi, i-graphite yamaphuzu aphezulu ancibilika ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njengezingxenye ezifana nezikhisi, ama-electrodes, namalayini omlilo. Ingakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu futhi ine-thermal conductivity enhle kakhulu, esiza ukuncibilika nokuphonsa izinsimbi.
2. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor
Inqubo yokukhiqiza i-semiconductor idinga izithando zokushisa ezisezingeni eliphezulu ukuze kulungiswe izinto ze-semiconductor ezifana ne-crystalline silicon. I-graphite isetshenziswa kabanzi njengesithando somlilo kanye nesici sokushisa ngoba ingasebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu futhi inikeze ukuguquguquka okushisayo okuzinzile.
3. Imboni yamakhemikhali
I-graphite isetshenziswa embonini yamakhemikhali ukwenza ama-reactors amakhemikhali, amapayipi, izinto zokufudumeza, nezinto ezisekelayo. Ukuzinza kwayo kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokumelana nokugqwala kuyenza ibe inketho ekahle yokuphatha izinto ezigqwalayo.
4. Isitofu selabhorethri
Izitofu zaselabhorethri ngokuvamile zisebenzisa i-graphite njengento yokushisa yokuhlola okuhlukahlukene kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokucutshungulwa kwezinto. I-graphite crucibles nayo ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukuncibilika kwesampula nokuhlaziywa kokushisa.
5. I-Aerospace kanye Nemboni Yenuzi
Ezimbonini ze-aerospace nezenuzi, i-graphite isetshenziselwa ukwakha izinto ezisezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nezingxenye, njengezinto zokugqoka izigxobo zikaphethiloli kuma-reactors enuzi.
Izinguquko kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-graphite
Ngaphezu kwe-graphite evamile, kunezinye izinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ze-carbon graphite, njenge-pyrolytic graphite, i-graphite eguquliwe, izinhlanganisela ze-graphite ezisekelwe ensimbi, njll., ezinezici zokusebenza ezikhethekile ezisetshenziswa ezahlukene zokushisa okuphezulu.
I-Pyrolytic Graphite: Lolu hlobo lwegraphite lune-anisotropy ephezulu kanye ne-thermal conductivity enhle kakhulu. Isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni efana ne-aerospace kanye nemboni ye-semiconductor.
I-graphite eguquliwe: Ngokwethula ukungcola noma ukuguqulwa kwendawo ku-graphite, izakhiwo ezithile zingathuthukiswa, njengokuthuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala noma ukuthuthukisa ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal.
Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-Metal based graphite composite: Lezi zinto ezihlanganisiwe zihlanganisa i-graphite nezinto ezisekelwe ensimbi, eziphethe izindawo zokushisa eziphezulu ze-graphite kanye nezakhiwo zemishini yensimbi, futhi zifanele izakhiwo nezinsimbi ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Cukufakwa
Iphuzu eliphakeme lokuncibilika kwekhabhoni graphite liyenza into ebaluleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukahlukene kokushisa okuphezulu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuncibilikiswa kwensimbi, ukukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor, imboni yamakhemikhali, noma iziko laselabhorethri, i-graphite idlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi lezi zinqubo zingenziwa ngokuzinza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlukahluka okuhlukene nokuguqulwa kwe-graphite nakho kuyenza ifanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene, ihlinzeka ngezixazululo ezihlukahlukene emiphakathini yezimboni neyesayensi. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, singalindela ukubona ukuvela kwezinto ezintsha ezisezingeni eliphezulu ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezihlala zishintsha zezinqubo zokushisa okuphezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-23-2023